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Khoom Taw Qhia
Lub npe:Salbutamol
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom:Kho bronchial hawb pob thiab asthmatic bronchitis
CAS:18559-94-9
Peev xwm: 20mg * 100 / lub raj mis
Yam khoom: Cov ntsiav tshuaj
Txee Lub neej: 24 Lub Hlis(Lub hnub ntim khoom yuav tsum yeej)
Taw qhia rau Salbutamol
1. Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim
Cov tshuaj formula: C13H21NO3
Molecular Luj: 239.311
Cov tsos mob: dawb los yog ze li dawb crystalline hmoov
Qhov ceev: 1.152g / cm³ (lwm tus hais 1.2 ± 0.1 g / cm³)
Melting point: 157 ~ 158ºC
Kub taw tes: 433.5ºC (lwm tus hais tias 433.5 ± 40.0 ºC ntawm 760 mmHg)
Flash point: 159.5ºC (lwm tus hais tias 159.5 ± 17.9 ºC)
2. Cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj
Hom: luv-acting 2 adrenergic receptor agonist
Cov nyhuv:
Nws muaj cov nyhuv bronchodilator muaj zog thiab yog siv los kho cov kab mob ua pa xws li mob ntsws asthma, mob ntsws asthmatic, bronchospasm thiab emphysema.
Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum xws li histamine thiab tiv thaiv bronchospasm.
Thaum noj qhov ncauj lossis los ntawm kev nqus pa aerosol, cov nyhuv bronchodilator muaj zog dua li isoproterenol, thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev ua rau lub siab me me.
Kev siv:
Nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj, txhaj tshuaj, thiab lwm yam. Thaum siv tshuaj kho mob, daim ntawv siv tshuaj thiab kev siv yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li tus neeg mob tus mob thiab tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia.
Aerosol inhalation feem ntau yog siv los nres qhov kev tawm tsam, thiab nws tuaj yeem noj qhov ncauj los tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam.
Kev mob tshwm sim thiab kev ceev faj:
Qee tus neeg yuav pom cov kev mob tshwm sim xws li xeev siab, mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, palpitations, thiab ntiv tes tshee.
Thaum cov koob tshuaj ntau dhau lawm, tachycardia thiab ntshav siab hloov pauv tuaj yeem pom. Feem ntau, cov koob tshuaj txo qis thiab rov ua kom tiav. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau txiav tawm.
Kev siv cov tshuaj mus ntev yog qhov ua rau kev ua siab ntev, uas tsis tsuas yog txo cov txiaj ntsig, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob hawb pob.
Cov neeg mob uas muaj lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm, kub siab, ntshav qab zib, hyperthyroidism, thiab cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub yuav tsum siv ceev faj.
-blockers xws li propranolol tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov nyhuv bronchodilator ntawm salbutamol, yog li lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ua ke.
3. Lwm yam kev siv thiab contraindications
Lwm yam kev siv: Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub no, salbutamol tau siv ib zaug los ua cov nqaij ntshiv kom nce cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm npua, tab sis txij li xyoo 2002, nws tau raug teev tias yog cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub siv hauv kev lag luam ua liaj ua teb thiab tsis tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib. ua liaj ua teb.
Contraindications: Tam sim no, salbutamol tsis tau pom zoo los ntawm Food and Drug Administration rau poob phaus.
Salbutamol ua haujlwm li cas
Salbutamol yog ib qho organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula C13H21NO3. Nws yog ib tug luv luv-acting 2 adrenergic receptor agonist thiab yog siv raws li ib tug antiasthmatic tshuaj. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
1. So ntawm bronchial du nqaij
Salbutamol tuaj yeem xaiv 2 receptors ntawm bronchial du nqaij, yog li ua kom cov leeg nqaij du. Cov nyhuv no tuaj yeem txo cov bronchospasm los ntawm cov kab mob xws li mob ntsws asthma, mob ntsws asthmatic, thiab emphysema, thiab txhim kho tus neeg mob cov tsos mob dyspnea.
2. Anti-inflammatory nyhuv
Nyob rau hauv cov kab mob xws li bronchitis, bronchial mucosa yuav ua rau congestive thiab edematous, nrog rau cov tsos mob xws li hnoos thiab hnoos qeev. Salbutamol nthuav tawm qee yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tuaj yeem siv los kho cov kev mob tshwm sim no.
3. Anti-allergic nyhuv
Salbutamol tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum xws li histamine, yog li nws tsim nyog rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg uas tsis ua xua rau salbutamol nws tus kheej. Qhov no anti-allergic nyhuv pab txo cov tsos mob ua pa los ntawm kev ua xua.
4. Anti-arrhythmic
Hauv cov xwm txheej xws li arrhythmia, myocardial oxygen noj yuav nce ntxiv, ua rau cov tsos mob xws li mob hauv siab thiab ua tsis taus pa. Salbutamol muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv arrhythmic thiab tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm kho mob hauv cov xwm txheej no.
5. Txo cov hnoos qeev
Rau cov kab mob xws li bronchiectasis, salbutamol tuaj yeem txo cov hnoos qeev tso rau hauv bronchial mucosa, yog li txo cov hnoos qeev.
Salbutamol feem ntau muab faib ua cov ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav tshuaj, txhaj tshuaj, thiab lwm yam hauv kev kho mob, thiab tuaj yeem muab tshuaj rau qhov ncauj lossis nqus tau. Ntawm lawv, bioavailability ntawm aerosol inhalation yog 10%, uas yuav siv sij hawm 15 feeb tom qab nqus tau pa, ncav cuag lub ncov nyhuv nyob rau hauv 1 teev, thiab yuav kav ntev li 46 teev. Lub qhov ncauj bioavailability yog 30%, uas yuav siv sij hawm 15-30 feeb tom qab noj nws, ncav cuag lub siab tshaj plaws nyhuv nyob rau hauv 24 teev, thiab kav ntev tshaj 6 teev.
Cov kev ceev faj
Kev phiv tshuaj: Salbutamol tuaj yeem muaj kev phiv tsis zoo rau qee tus neeg mob, xws li hnoos, oropharyngeal irritation, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias tsis xis nyob, tsum tsis txhob noj tshuaj tam sim ntawd thiab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Kev sib cuam tshuam tshuaj: Thaum siv salbutamol, tsis txhob siv nws nrog lwm cov tshuaj uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog nws kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv tshuaj.
Kev siv tshuaj ntau npaum li cas: Thaum siv salbutamol, cov neeg mob yuav tsum ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom tsis txhob nce lossis txo cov tshuaj noj yam tsis tau tso cai.
Tshuaj tsis kam: Salbutamol yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau lub sijhawm ntev kom tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog tias pom tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tau txo qis thaum siv, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog lub sijhawm thiab cov phiaj xwm kho mob yuav tsum tau kho.
Salbutamol ntau npaum li cas?
Qhov ntau npaum ntawm Salbutamol sib txawv raws li nws cov tshuaj sib txawv (xws li ntsiav tshuaj, txhaj tshuaj, nqus pa aerosols, thiab lwm yam) thiab cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm tus neeg mob. Cov hauv qab no yog qee qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj Salbutamol:
1. Salbutamol sulfate txhaj
Kev siv:
Intravenous txhaj: 0.4 mg (1 vial) ib zaug, diluted nrog 20 ml ntawm 5% qabzib txhaj los yog 20 ml ntawm sodium chloride txhaj thiab maj mam txhaj.
Intravenous drip: 0.4 mg (1 vial) ib zaug, diluted nrog 100 ml ntawm 5% qabzib txhaj tshuaj thiab dripped.
Intramuscular txhaj: 0.4 mg (1 vial) ib zaug, thiab rov txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem ua txhua 4 teev yog tias tsim nyog.
2. Salbutamol sulfate sustained-tso ntsiav tshuaj (Salbot)
Siv: Qhov ncauj, tsis txhob zom, thiab nqos tag nrho cov ntsiav tshuaj nrog dej.
Kev Siv: 1 ntsiav tshuaj (4 mg) ib zaug, ob zaug ib hnub.
3. Salbutamol Sulfate Inhalation Aerosol (Ventolin)
Kev Siv: Nws tsuas yog siv tau los ntawm kev nqus qhov ncauj. Cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem hauv synchronizing inhalation thiab inhalation tuaj yeem siv lub nebulizer.
Noj ntau npaum:
Cov neeg laus: Txhawm rau txo qhov mob hawb pob, suav nrog bronchospasm, noj 100 micrograms raws li qhov pib koob tshuaj tsawg kawg nkaus, uas tuaj yeem nce mus rau 2 nias yog tias tsim nyog. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua xua lossis kev tawm dag zog, noj tshuaj 10 mus rau 15 feeb ua ntej kev tawm dag zog lossis tiv tauj nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum. Rau kev kho mob ntev, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 4 zaug hauv ib hnub, 2 nias txhua zaus.
Cov Neeg Laus: Cov koob tshuaj pib yuav tsum qis dua li cov koob tshuaj pom zoo rau cov neeg laus. Yog tias cov nyhuv bronchodilator tsis txaus, koob tshuaj yuav tsum maj mam nce.
Cov menyuam yaus: Cov koob tshuaj pom zoo rau kev txo qis kev mob hawb pob, suav nrog bronchospasm lossis ua ntej kev sib cuag nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum thiab ua ntej kev tawm dag zog yog 1 lub xovxwm, uas tuaj yeem nce mus rau 2 nias yog tias tsim nyog.
4. Ceev faj
Ua ntej siv Salbutamol, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau sab laj nrog kws kho mob kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tshuaj.
Cov tshuaj sib txawv ntawm Salbutamol tuaj yeem siv sib txawv thiab ntau npaum li cas. Nco ntsoov siv nws kom raug raws li kws kho mob cov lus qhia lossis cov lus qhia.
Ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum noj tshuaj. Yog tias muaj kev phiv tshwm sim, tsis txhob noj cov tshuaj tam sim ntawd thiab nrhiav kev kho mob.
Salbutamol yog ib qho luv luv-ua yeeb yam 2 adrenergic receptor agonist thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau lub sijhawm ntev kom tsis txhob muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Salbutamol
Salbutamol, tseem hu ua salbutamol nyob rau hauv Suav, yog ib tug luv luv-acting 2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Nws cov txiaj ntsig yog feem ntau cuam tshuam hauv kev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev kho mob ua pa:
1. Kev kho cov kab mob ua pa
Bronchial hawb pob:
Salbutamol tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum xws li histamine, tiv thaiv bronchospasm, thiab yog li txo cov tsos mob ntawm bronchial hawb pob.
Los ntawm dilating lub bronchi, Salbutamol tuaj yeem txhim kho tus neeg mob lub ntsws ua haujlwm thiab sib sau ua ke cov txiaj ntsig kho mob.
Asthmatic bronchitis:
Salbutamol kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev mob ntsws asthmatic, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov mob bronchospasm thiab txo tus neeg mob cov tsos mob.
Bronchospasm:
Salbutamol tuaj yeem siv los kho bronchospasm los ntawm cov kab mob xws li emphysema, thiab txo cov tsos mob los ntawm dilating lub bronchi.
2. Kev siv tshuaj thiab cov nyhuv
Aerosol inhalation:
Thaum nres qhov pib ntawm cov kab mob xws li bronchial hawb pob, aerosol inhalation feem ntau yog siv. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem xa cov tshuaj sai sai rau qhov mob thiab siv nws txoj kev kho mob.
Kev tswj ntawm qhov ncauj:
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov pib ntawm cov kab mob xws li mob hawb pob bronchial, kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj tuaj yeem xaiv, uas yooj yim rau cov neeg mob siv thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau qee yam tshuaj concentration.
3. Ceev faj
Txawm hais tias Salbutamol muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cov kab mob ua pa, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum tau sau tseg thaum siv:
Drug side effects:
Salbutamol tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim, xws li mob leeg, nce plawv dhia, thiab lwm yam, yog li nws yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj raws li tus kws kho mob qhia thiab saib xyuas tus neeg mob cov lus teb.
Tshuaj kam rau ua:
Kev siv ntev ntawm Salbutamol tuaj yeem tsim kev ua siab ntev, ua rau txo qis, yog li kev siv mus ntev tsis pom zoo.
Siv ceev faj hauv cov neeg tshwj xeeb:
Cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub, cov neeg mob uas muaj lub plawv tsis txaus, kub siab, ntshav qab zib, hyperthyroidism, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum tau siv Salbutamol nrog ceev faj kom tsis txhob ua rau mob hnyav lossis ua rau muaj kev phiv tshuaj.
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FAQ
Q: Salbutamol yog dab tsi?
A: Salbutamol yog cov organic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula C13H21NO3. Nws yog luv-acting 2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Nws yog siv raws li ib tug antiasthmatic tshuaj. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tsis haum xws li histamine thiab tiv thaiv bronchospasm.
Q: Cov kab mob dab tsi yog salbutamol feem ntau siv los kho?
A: Salbutamol feem ntau yog siv los kho bronchial hawb pob, mob ntsws asthmatic, bronchospasm, emphysema thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Q: Dab tsi yog daim ntawv thov ntawm salbutamol hauv kev yug tsiaj?
A: Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb tsiaj, ntxiv cov kab ntawm salbutamol rau cov tsiaj txhu pub tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij ntshiv thiab cov nqaij hloov pauv ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab txo cov rog, tab sis nws cov toxicity ntau dua ractopamine nrog tib lub luag haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li xyoo 2002, salbutamol tau teev npe ua cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub nyob hauv kev lag luam yug me nyuam thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muab ntxiv rau hauv cov tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib.
Q: Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv ntawm salbutamol ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim?
A: Cov pab pawg tert-butylamine hauv cov qauv ntawm salbutamol yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws cov kev xaiv. Cov neeg hloov pauv ntawm N muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau cov txheeb ze lub zog ntawm cov receptor thiab cov teebmeem. Qhov loj ntawm qhov hloov pauv yuav pab kom hydrophobically daim ntawv cog lus nrog cov receptor thiab tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev sib haum xeeb ntawm receptor los pab txhawb kev tsim cov hydrogen bonds nrog -hydroxyl pawg ntawm adrenomimetics, yog li txhim kho cov nyhuv. Cov pab pawg tert-butyl feem ntau txhim kho kev xaiv rau 2 receptor, pab txo qis thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob plawv uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov receptor agonists dav dav thaum txhawb nqa 2 receptor.
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