Chemical Properties Of Steroids

Nws yog ib tug fused tetracyclic compound uas muaj peb rau carbon cyclohexane rings (A, B, C) thiab ib tug tsib carbon nplhaib (D). Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm carbon atom numbering yog qhia hauv.
Tus naj npawb thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntuj steroid molecules, hom, tus naj npawb, thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm pab pawg neeg hloov, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov pab pawg hloov pauv thiab cyclic nuclei, thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov nplhaib sib txawv.
Lub rau lub nplhaib A, B, thiab C nyob rau hauv ntuj steroid molecules tag nrho txais yuav ib tug "lub rooj zaum zoo li" conformation (cyclohexane qauv), uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws conformation (tsuas yog tshwj xeeb yog hais tias lub nplhaib A nyob rau hauv estrogen molecules yog ib tug aromatic nplhaib nrog. Planar conformation).
Kev sib tshuam ntawm lub nplhaib A thiab lub nplhaib B tuaj yeem yog cis lossis trans, thaum C / D hlws ris feem ntau yog trans; Tsuas yog cardiac glycosides thiab toad venom yog qhov zam.
Kev taw qhia ntawm cov pab pawg hloov pauv txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon atom ntawm plaub lub nplhaib pob txha pob txha ntawm steroids yog sawv cev los ntawm - lossis -: cov nyob saum lub dav hlau pob txha yog sawv cev los ntawm (kab khoom), thiab cov nyob hauv qab no yog sawv cev los ntawm (dashed kab) . Piv txwv li, pawg hydroxyl ntawm cov roj cholesterol molecule C-3, ob pawg methyl angular C-18 thiab C-19, thiab sab chains yog tag nrho cov beta oriented.