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### Kev Tshawb Xyuas Txheej Txheem ntawm insulin-zoo li kev loj hlob kev loj hlob 1 ntev-ua analog (iGF {{lr3)

#### qhia

Cov tshuaj insulin zoo li kev txhim kho kev loj hlob 1 (iGF1) yog qhov tseem ceeb kev tswj hwm kev loj hlob uas tswj hwm cov kws muaj kev sib txawv ntawm tes, kev sib txawv thiab cov metabolism los ntawm kev siv cov recepting. Txawm li cas los xij, luv luv ib nrab-lub neej ntawm ntuj igf1 (hais txog 10-12} teev) txwv nws daim ntawv thov. Raws li nws ntev-ua analog, iGF {1- lr3 kev hloov kho txheej txheem, ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb hauv cov tshuaj thiab kev tshawb fawb kis las. Kab lus no yuav nkag siab cov yam ntxwv ntawm i6 {9}} lr3 los ntawm kev pom ntawm cov qauv, kev ua physicochemical, kev ua haujlwm txheeb xyuas cov chaw thov.

### 1. Cov qauv nta thiab tshuaj kho mob

Cov tseem ceeb ntawm iGF 1- lr3 los ntawm nws cov qauv molecular, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

1. ** Amino acid Sequence Extens **

- ** N-terminal txuas ntxiv **: 13 amino acids (arg-arg-ser-sar-sar-ser-ser) yog ntxiv rau kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov protein thiab txo lub raum ntshiab.

- ** E3R hloov chaw **: Cov kua qaub glutamic (GLU) ntawm txoj haujlwm thib peb yog hloov los ntawm Arginine (sib ceg los txhim kho qhov ruaj ntseg ntawm thaj av alkaline.

2. ** Hloov pauv hnyav dua **

- Lub cev hnyav molecular yog txog 9.1 KDA (Ntuj EGF1 yog 7.6 kda), thiab qhov sib txawv los ntawm cov amino acids txuas ntxiv thiab hloov.

3. ** Peb-qhov qauv khaws cia "

- Vas Dichroism (CD) Qhia tau hais tias nws -foulding qauv yog zoo ib yam li zoo ib yam li cov kev ua si ntuj.

### 2. Physicochemical Cov Khoom

Lub cev muaj zog ntawm iGF 1- lr3 ncaj qha cuam tshuam nws cov kev npaj, khoom siv thiab Bioavailability:

1. ** Solubility thiab Stability **

- ** Solubility **: Yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lossis tsis muaj zog acidic tsis (pH 6. 0. 1% acid los pab txhawb surubilization).

- ** Thermal Stability **: Lub tsev cia khoom ruaj khov rau 7 hnub ntawm 4 degree, thiab nquag rau ntau dua 2 xyoos nyob rau hauv ib tug khov-qhuav lub xeev ntawm {5}} degree. Rov ua kom khov thiab yaj tau yooj yim ua rau muaj kev sib sau ua ke.

- ** PE Phemitivity **: Tshaj Phe (<4 or >9) ua rau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis pub dhau, thiab muaj kua qaub / alkaline ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau zam.

2. ** Cov khoom kho kho tshiab thiab xim **

- ** Solid-State **: Cov khoom lag luam siab yog dawb rau cov hmoov dawb-qhuav, thiab impurities (xws li cov tshuaj oxidation (xws li cov xim oxidation) yuav ua rau cov xim oxidation).

- ** Solub xeev **: tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab tom qab kev sib cais, cov kab mob kom nruj yuav qhia cov protein lossis paug.

3. **

- Lub pi pi yog txog 8.5 (haiv neeg igf1 yog 8. {}}}}) Uas cuam tshuam rau nws tus cwj pwm hauv ion txauv cov chromatography.

### 3. Kev ua haujlwm thiab kev siv tshuab ntawm kev ua

Igf 1- Lr3 Media Downstream signaling txoj kev los ntawm kev ua kom lub igf1 receptor (iGF1R):

1. ** Receptor affinity **

- The affinity for IGF1R (Kd≈1 nM) is comparable to that of natural IGF1, but the cross-reactivity to the insulin receptor (IR) is reduced, reducing side effects.

2. ** Kos npe rau kev ua kom muaj kev ua kom zoo **

- ** PI3K / AKT PATWAY ***: Txhawb nqa cov piam thaj ua si thiab muaj protein.

- ** Mapk / ERK PATway **: DRISTE CONCE PROURERERE thiab sib txawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov leeg thiab chondrocytes.

3. "Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov vaj tswv yim zoo **

- Ib nrab-lub neej yog txuas rau 20-30 s} igf1 yog 10 teev), thiab tshuaj ntshav ntau tshaj li 48 teev tom qab kev txhaj tshuaj ntxiv.

### 4. Daim Ntawv Thov

Cov versatility ntawm i6 {0}} lr3 ua rau nws ua yeeb yam hauv ntau thaj teb:

1. ** Kev Tshawb Fawb Kho Mob **

- ** Qeeb Atroph Kev Kho **

- ** MeureProction **: Txhawb nqa neuronal ciaj sia thiab siv rau dopaminergic neuron cov qauv kab mob.

- ** Ntsiav tshuaj kho mob **: nrawm fibroblast tsiv teb tsaws thiab luv luv lub sijhawm kho mob ntshav qab zib cov txhab ntshav qab zib los ntawm 40%.

2. ** Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Ua Si ** **

- ** Kev sim ua kom cov leeg nqaij tau pom tias cov leeg loj nce ntxiv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, tab sis lub ntiaj teb anti-doping lub koom haum (Wada) txwv tsis pub nws siv.

3. ** Kev tshawb fawb los tiv thaiv kev laus **

- ** Daim tawv nqaij rov ua dua **: nce collagen synthesis thiab txo cov wrinkle tob los ntawm kev ua kom ua kom ua kom tiav dermal fibroblasts.

- ** Kev tswj hwm kev tswjfwm ": Txhim kho cov insulin rhiab rau cov neeg laus thiab txo cov ntshav qab zib kom ntau.

### 5. Npaj thiab Cia

1. ** Txoj kev ntau lawm **

- **Recombinant DNA technology**: Commonly used E. coli expression system, high-purity product (>95%) tau los ntawm kev suav nrog lub cev renaturation.

- ** PURIFICATION Txheej Txheem **: Ua ke txauv cov chromatography thiab gel pom kom tshem tawm entotoxin rau<0.1 EU/mg.

2. ** Kev Cia Khoom **

- ** Labophilized hmoov **: Khw ntawm -20}} degree deb ntawm lub teeb, thiab nws raug nquahu kom siv nyob rau hauv 24 teev tom qab pib kho dua tshiab (khw tom 4 degree).

- ** MEDYSTENDENIED kom siv lub thev naus laus ntsev muaj kua qab zib {1%}. 1%) kom tsis txhob rov tuav dua.

### 6. Kev nyab xeeb thiab tswj cov xwm txheej

1. 4 Cov phom sij muaj peev xwm **

- ** Metabolic kev txawv txav **: Cov koob tshuaj ntau zaus yuav ua rau mob hlwb lossis cov tshuaj insulin tsis kam.

- ** Carcinogenicity **: Hauv cov kev tshawb fawb txog Vitro qhia tias nws tuaj yeem txhawb ntawm qee cov kabmob kheesxaws, uas xav tau kev txheeb xyuas cov kabmob ntxiv.

2. ** Kev saib xyuas raug cai **

- ** Kev Kho Mob Siv **: Nws tsis tau pom zoo los ntawm FDA lossis EMA thiab tsuas yog txwv rau kev tshawb fawb kev tshawb fawb siv.

- ** WADE tau suav nrog nws hauv cov npe Banned S2 Peptide cov tshuaj hormones, thiab cov neeg ncaws pob yuav ntsib cov neeg tuaj yeem yog tias lawv siv nws.

### xaus

Igf 1- Lr3 tau ua tiav cov kev ua kom ntev ntev los ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj thiab muaj cov kev tshawb fawb dav dav hauv cov tshuaj thiab kev tshawb fawb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws daim ntawv thov yuav tsum nruj ua raws li kev coj ncaj ncees thiab yav tom ntej yuav tsum tsom rau kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb kom qhib nws lub peev xwm kev soj ntsuam muaj peev xwm.